An Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automated system that provides real-time information such as tracking and monitoring uses transceivers operating on VHF frequencies on ships or in ports and is used by Vessel Traffic Services (VTS). Automatic Identification System (AIS) functions primarily by acquiring Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates and exchanging real-time with ships and maritime authorities through the use of radio transmissions. Automatic Identification System (AIS) operates principally on two dedicated frequencies or VHF channels:

• AIS 1: Works on 161.975 MHz- Channel 87B (Simplex, for the ship to ship)
• AIS 2: 162.025 MHz- Channel 88B (Duplex for the ship to shore)

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) will show several other ships in the vicinity as long as the other ships are also equipped with Automatic Identification System (AIS). To avoid collisions, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) will be equipped with a marine radar as a means of port transportation.

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is intended to assist ship control officers and enable maritime authorities to track and monitor vessel movements of vessels in the vicinity.

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) transmits information on site tides, and weather conditions from port authorities to ships and vice versa. Automatic Identification System (AIS) broadcasts sailing-related information (including ship location, speed, course, destination, turn rate, destination, and estimated time of arrival) as well as static information (including ship name, ship MMSI ID, message ID, ship type, ship size)

Automatic Identification System (AIS) is divided into two types, namely;

• Class A: Mandatory for all ships of 300 GT and above engaged in international shipping as well as all passenger ships
• Class B: Provides limited functionality and is intended for non-SOLAS vessels. Mainly used for boats such as pleasure crafts

The benefits of Automatic Identification System (AIS) include and are not limited to;

• Improving the safety of marine activities
• Protecting the maritime environment
• Coastal support, port, and collision avoidance.
• Manage ship traffic in busy ports.